Exhaust emissions analysis of gasoline motor fueled with corncob-based bioethanol and RON 90 fuel mixture

Widiyanti Widiyanti; Muhammad Alfian Mizar; Christian Asri Wicaksana; Didik Nurhadi; Kriya Mateeke Moses; Widiyanti Widiyanti; Muhammad Alfian Mizar; Christian Asri Wicaksana; Didik Nurhadi; Kriya Mateeke Moses

doi:10.14203/j.mev.2019.v10.24-28

Exhaust emissions analysis of gasoline motor fueled with corncob-based bioethanol and RON 90 fuel mixture

Widiyanti Widiyanti, Muhammad Alfian Mizar, Christian Asri Wicaksana, Didik Nurhadi, Kriya Mateeke Moses

Abstract

One of the viable solutions to the fossil fuel energy crisis was to seek alternative sources of environmentally friendly energy with the same or better quality such as bioethanol. It was possible to produce bioethanol from organic waste, e.g., corncob. This research aimed to obtain the lowest exhaust emission levels of CO and CO₂ generated from a gasoline motor that used a mixture of bioethanol containing 96 % corncob and RON 90 fuel. This research was experimental using Anova statistical data analysis method. The results showed that the lowest average of CO emissions was 0.177 vol% using E₁₀₀ fuel, and the highest average was 2.649 vol% using 100 % RON 90 fuel, displaying a significant difference. The lowest average of CO₂ emissions was 6.6 vol% using E₁₀₀ fuel, and the highest was 7.51 vol% using 100 % RON 90 fuel, which was insignificantly different. The mixture variation with the lowest CO and CO₂ emissions was E₁₀₀.

10.14203/j.mev.2019.v10.24-28

Keywords

RON 90 fuel; corncob-based bioethanol; gasoline generator; CO and CO2 exhaust emissions

Full Text:

PDF

References

I. V. Muralikrishna and V. Manickam, “Solid Waste Management,” in Environmental Management, Elsevier, 2017, pp. 431–462.

S. Kaza, L. Yao, P. Bhada-Tata, and F. Van Woerden, What a Waste 2.0: A Global Snapshot of Solid Waste Management to 2050. The World Bank, 2018.

Y. Putrasari, A. Praptijanto, W. B. Santoso, and O. Lim, “Resources, policy, and research activities of biofuel in Indonesia: A review,” Energy Reports, vol. 2, pp. 237–245, Nov. 2016.

D. M. Rahmah, F. Rizal, and A. Bunyamin, “Model Dinamis Produksi Jagung di Indonesia,” J. Teknotan, vol. 11, no. 1, Jul. 2017.

A. Bin Arif, W. Diyono, M. Hayuningtyas, E. Syaefullah, A. Budiyanto, and N. Richana, “Penggandaan Skala Produksi Bioetanol dari Tongkol Jagung,” Inform. Pertan., vol. 26, no. 2, p. 57, Dec. 2017.

H. Zabed, J. N. Sahu, A. Suely, A. N. Boyce, and G. Faruq, “Bioethanol production from renewable sources: Current perspectives and technological progress,” Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., vol. 71, pp. 475–501, May 2017.

M. Guo, W. Song, and J. Buhain, “Bioenergy and biofuels: History, status, and perspective,” Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., vol. 42, pp. 712–725, Feb. 2015.

G. Najafi, B. Ghobadian, T. Tavakoli, D. R. Buttsworth, T. F. Yusaf, and M. Faizollahnejad, “Performance and exhaust emissions of a gasoline engine with ethanol-blended gasoline fuels using artificial neural network,” Appl. Energy, vol. 86, no. 5, pp. 630–639, May 2009.

H. Kim and B. Choi, “The effect of biodiesel and bioethanol blended diesel fuel on nanoparticles and exhaust emissions from CRDI diesel engine,” Renew. Energy, vol. 35, no. 1, pp. 157–163, Jan. 2010.

F. Wang et al., “An environmentally friendly and productive process for bioethanol production from potato waste,” Biotechnol. Biofuels, vol. 9, no. 1, p. 50, Dec. 2016.

L. Canilha et al., “Bioconversion of Sugarcane Biomass into Ethanol: An Overview about Composition, Pretreatment Methods, Detoxification of Hydrolysates, Enzymatic Saccharification, and Ethanol Fermentation,” J. Biomed. Biotechnol., vol. 2012, pp. 1–15, 2012.

J. Singh and S. Gu, “Commercialization potential of microalgae for biofuels production,” Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., vol. 14, no. 9, pp. 2596–2610, Dec. 2010.

M. K. Lam and K. T. Lee, “Microalgae biofuels: A critical review of issues, problems and the way forward,” Biotechnol. Adv., vol. 30, no. 3, pp. 673–690, May 2012.

N. Brosse, A. Dufour, X. Meng, Q. Sun, and A. Ragauskas, “Miscanthus : a fast-growing crop for biofuels and chemicals production,” Biofuels, Bioprod. Biorefining, vol. 6, no. 5, pp. 580–598, Sep. 2012.

M. Z. Jacobson, “Review of solutions to global warming, air pollution, and energy security,” Energy Environ. Sci., vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 148–173, 2009.

H. L. MacLean and L. B. Lave, “Evaluating automobile fuel/propulsion system technologies,” Prog. Energy Combust. Sci., vol. 29, no. 1, pp. 1–69, 2003.

A. D. Kurniawan and S. S. Sanuri, “Analisa Penggunaan Bahan Bakar Bioethanol Dari Batang Padi Sebagai Campuran Pada Bensin,” J. Tek. ITS, vol. 1, no. 2014, 3AD.

I. T. Horváth, H. Mehdi, V. Fábos, L. Boda, and L. T. Mika, “γ-Valerolactone—a sustainable liquid for energy and carbon-based chemicals,” Green Chem., vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 238–242, 2008.

H. Behniafar and N. Sefid-girandehi, “Optical and thermal behavior of novel fluorinated polyimides capable of preparing colorless, transparent and flexible films,” J. Fluor. Chem., vol. 132, no. 11, pp. 878–884, Nov. 2011.

Y. J. Chen, X. Y. Xue, Y. G. Wang, and T. H. Wang, “Synthesis and ethanol sensing characteristics of single-crystalline SnO2 nanorods,” Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 87, no. 23, p. 233503, Dec. 2005.

A. Mirzaei, S. G. Leonardi, and G. Neri, “Detection of hazardous volatile organic compounds (VOCs) by metal oxide nanostructures-based gas sensors: A review,” Ceram. Int., vol. 42, no. 14, pp. 15119–15141, Nov. 2016.

S. Bilgen, “Structure and environmental impact of global energy consumption,” Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., vol. 38, pp. 890–902, Oct. 2014.

BP, “BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2019,” 2019.

I. W. B. A. I Wayan Budi Ariawan, I Gusti Bagus Wijaya Kusuma, “Pengaruh Penggunaan Bahan Bakar Pertalite Terhadap Unjuk Kerja Daya, Torsi Dan Konsumsi Bahan Bakar Pada Sepeda Motor Bertransmisi Otomatis,” J. METTEK, 2016.

M. V. Prati, M. A. Costagliola, C. Tommasino, L. Della Ragione, and G. Meccariello, “Road Grade Influence on the Exhaust Emissions of a Scooter Fuelled with Bioethanol/Gasoline Blends,” Transp. Res. Procedia, vol. 3, pp. 790–799, 2014.

S. A. Shahir, H. H. Masjuki, M. A. Kalam, A. Imran, and A. M. Ashraful, “Performance and emission assessment of diesel–biodiesel–ethanol/bioethanol blend as a fuel in diesel engines: A review,” Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., vol. 48, pp. 62–78, Aug. 2015.

Y. H. Tan, M. O. Abdullah, C. Nolasco-Hipolito, N. S. A. Zauzi, and G. W. Abdullah, “Engine performance and emissions characteristics of a diesel engine fueled with diesel-biodiesel-bioethanol emulsions,” Energy Convers. Manag., vol. 132, pp. 54–64, Jan. 2017.

A. H. Sebayang et al., “Prediction of engine performance and emissions with Manihot glaziovii bioethanol − Gasoline blended using extreme learning machine,” Fuel, vol. 210, pp. 914–921, Dec. 2017.

S. H. Park, S. H. Yoon, and C. S. Lee, “Bioethanol and gasoline premixing effect on combustion and emission characteristics in biodiesel dual-fuel combustion engine,” Appl. Energy, vol. 135, pp. 286–298, Dec. 2014.

A. Veeresh, K. Ganesh, M. Vijay, and P. Ravi, “Investigation on the Performance and Emission Characteristics of Biodiesel Animal oil Ethanol Blends in a Single Cylinder Diesel Engine,” in International Conference on Advances in Applied science and Environmental Technology - ASET 2015, 2015, pp. 115–119.

S.-Y. No, “A Review on Spray Characteristics of Bioethanol and Its Blended Fuels in CI Engines,” J. ILASS-Korea, vol. 19, no. 4, pp. 155–166, Dec. 2014.

S. S. Shapiro and M. B. Wilk, “An Analysis of Variance Test for Normality (Complete Samples),” Biometrika, vol. 52, no. 3/4, p. 591, Dec. 1965.

M. Ehsan, M. S. A. Bhuiyan, and N. Naznin, “Multi-Fuel Performance of a Petrol Engine for Small Scale Power Generation,” 2003.

A. N. Özsezen, “Evaluating Environmental Effects Of Bioethanol-Gasoline Blends In Use A SI Engine,” Uluslararası Yakıtlar Yanma Ve Yangın Derg., no. 4, pp. 36–41, Dec. 2016.

P. Dirrenberger et al., “Laminar burning velocity of gasolines with addition of ethanol,” Fuel, vol. 115, pp. 162–169, Jan. 2014.

A. Fossdal et al., “Study of inexpensive oxygen carriers for chemical looping combustion,” Int. J. Greenh. Gas Control, vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 483–488, May 2011.