Journal of Mechatronics, Electrical Power, and Vehicular Technology

Using lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries exceeding their useful lifetime may be dangerous for users, and hence, developing an accurate prediction system for batteries that remain useful for life is necessary. Many deep learning models, such as gated recurrent units and long short-term memory (LSTM), have been proposed for that purpose and have shown good results. However, their performance when dealing with noisy data degrades significantly. This may hamper their implementations for the real world since battery data are prone to noise. In this paper, we develop a robust prediction model in a noisy environment for predicting the remaining useful life (RUL) of Li-ion batteries. We propose a denoising autoencoder (DAE) utilized to remove noise from the data. The DAE is built with convolutional layers instead of traditional feed-forward networks here. We combine DAE with LSTM as the predictor. The proposed framework is evaluated using artificially corrupted battery data provided by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). The results reveal that our proposed method improves robustness when data contain various types of noise. A comparative study using the traditional approach has also been conducted. Our evaluation shows that convolutional layers are more effective than the traditional approach and that the original composition of the DAE was built using traditional feed-forward networks. DAE with convolutional layers has the best average performance with MSE of 0.61 and is the most consistent model.

denoising autoencoder (DAE); lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery; neural network; remaining useful life (RUL); system robustness.

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